Scrip's Complete Guide to Vaccines

Scrip's Complete Guide to Vaccines

This new, fully updated report from Scrip provides you with an authoritative insight into today's vaccines market. Essential for all pharmaceutical companies involved in the vaccines field, this report investigates the latest trends so that you can access data on combination vaccines and those being developed for new disease targets, such as cancer and STDs.

This report provides you with important competitor information and valuable market data. It will enable you to: assess the size and structure of the global vaccines market; understand the nature of vaccines and the current technologies; access the very latest information on vaccines being developed; and analyse competitor and strategic information.

Scrip's Complete Guide to Vaccines discusses the following disease areas: cancer, cholera, diphtheria, hepatitis, herpes, HIV/AIDS, influenza, Lyme disease, malaria, measles, mumps, pertussis, polio, pneumonia, rubella, tetanus, tuberculosis and more.

CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
ABBREVIATIONS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Evolution of the vaccines market
1.2 The science of vaccines
1.3 The immune system
1.3.1 Components of the immune system
1.3.1.1 Immunoglobulins
1.3.1.2 B cells
1.3.1.3 T cells
1.3.1.4 Natural killer cells
1.3.1.5 Cytokines
1.3.1.6 Major histocompatibility complex
1.3.1.7 Complement
1.3.1.8 Phagocytes
1.4 Immunity
1.5 Vaccination
1.5.1 An historical perspective
1.5.2 The advent of mass vaccination programmes
1.5.3 The WHO's Expanded Programme on Immunisation
1.6 Current eradication programmes
1.6.1 Poliomyelitis
1.6.2 Neonatal tetanus
1.6.3 Measles
1.6.4 Hepatitis B
1.6.5 Yellow fever
1.7 Routine vaccination recommendations
1.7.1 Immunisation schedule for infants
1.7.1.1 UK
1.7.1.2 US
1.7.1.3 WHO
1.7.2 Immunisation schedule for children and adolescents
1.7.3 Recommended vaccinations for adults
1.7.4 High-risk groups
1.7.4.1 Influenza
1.7.4.2 Hepatitis A
1.7.4.3 Hepatitis B
1.7.4.4 Pneumococcal infection
1.8 Contraindications to vaccination

CHAPTER 2 VACCINE TECHNOLOGY
2.1 Template for a vaccine
2.2 Types of vaccines
2.2.1 Established technologies
2.2.1.1 Attenuated (live) vaccines
2.2.1.2 Inactivated (killed) vaccines
2.2.1.3 Toxoid vaccines
2.2.1.4 Acellular and subunit vaccines
2.2.2 New vaccine technologies
2.2.2.1 Recombinant vaccines
2.2.2.2 Synthetic peptide vaccines
2.2.2.3 Recombinant vector vaccines
2.2.2.4 DNA vaccines
2.3 Vaccine technology: R&D objectives
2.4 New immunisation approaches
2.4.1 DNA vaccines
2.4.2 Mucosal immunity
2.4.3 Vaccination of neonates
2.4.4 Combined vaccines
2.4.5 Areas for improvement

CHAPTER 3 VACCINATION AGAINST CHILDHOOD DISEASES
3.1 Measles, mumps and rubella
3.1.1 About the diseases
3.1.1.1 Measles
3.1.1.2 Mumps
3.1.1.3 Rubella
3.1.2 Vaccination
3.2 Diphtheria
3.2.1 About the disease
3.2.2 Vaccination
3.2.3 The safety issue
3.2.4 DTP in the Global Programme for Vaccines and Immunisation
3.3 Tetanus
3.3.1 About the disease
3.3.2 Vaccination
3.4 Pertussis
3.4.1 About the disease
3.4.2 Vaccination
3.4.3 New vaccine
3.5 Haemophilus influenzae
3.5.1 About the disease
3.5.2 Vaccination
3.6 Poliomyelitis
3.6.1 About the disease
3.6.1.1 Clinical summary
3.6.1.2 Transmission and life cycle of the virus
3.6.1.3 History
3.6.2 Vaccination programmes
3.6.3 Towards global elimination of poliomyelitis
3.7 Tuberculosis
3.7.1 About the disease
3.7.2 Vaccination
3.7.3 New vaccine candidates

CHAPTER 4 DISEASES TRANSMITTED BY THE RESPIRATORY ROUTE
4.1 Influenza
4.1.1 About the disease
4.1.2 Vaccination
4.1.3 Vaccine manufacturers
4.1.4 New vaccines
4.2 Pneumonia
4.2.1 About the disease
4.2.2 Vaccination
4.2.3 New vaccines
4.3 Meningococcal meningitis
4.3.1 About the disease
4.3.2 Vaccination
4.3.3 New vaccines
4.4 Varicella-zoster
4.4.1 About the condition
4.4.2 Vaccination
4.4.3 New vaccines

CHAPTER 5 VACCINATION AGAINST DIARRHOEAL INFECTIONS
5.1 Cholera
5.1.1 About the disease
5.1.2 Vaccination
5.1.3 New vaccines
5.2 Shigella
5.2.1 About the disease
5.2.2 Vaccination
5.2.3 New vaccines
5.3 Rotavirus
5.3.1 About the disease
5.3.2 Vaccination
5.3.3 New vaccines
5.4 Travellers' diarrhoea
5.4.1 About the disease
5.4.2 New vaccines

CHAPTER 6 HEPATITIS
6.1 Viral hepatitis - an overview
6.2 Hepatitis A
6.2.1 About the condition
6.2.2 Vaccination
6.3 Hepatitis B
6.3.1 About the condition
6.3.2 Vaccination
6.3.3 New vaccines
6.4 Hepatitis C
6.4.1 About the disease
6.4.2 Vaccination
6.4.3 New vaccine

CHAPTER 7 SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
7.1 Introduction
7.2 HIV/AIDS
7.2.1 About the disease
7.2.2 The virus
7.2.3 Course of the disease
7.2.4 Epidemiology
7.2.4.1 A growing pandemic
7.2.4.2 Africa
7.2.4.3 Asia
7.2.4.4 Latin America
7.2.4.5 Eastern Europe
7.2.4.6 The developed world
7.2.5 Mortality
7.2.6 Trends
7.2.7 Vaccine development
7.2.8 XII World AIDS Conference
7.3 Herpes simplex
7.3.1 About the disease
7.3.2 Genital herpes
7.3.3 Vaccination

CHAPTER 8 VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES
8.1 Malaria
8.1.1 About the disease
8.1.1.1 Transmission
8.1.1.2 Life cycle of the parasite
8.1.2 Diagnosis and treatment
8.1.3 Epidemiology
8.1.4 Malaria control
8.1.5 Vaccination
8.1.6 New vaccines
8.2 Dengue
8.2.1 About the disease
8.2.2 Epidemiology
8.2.3 Clinical course
8.2.4 Transmission
8.2.5 Vaccination
8.2.6 New vaccines
8.3 Yellow fever
8.3.1 About the disease
8.3.2 Vaccination
8.4 Japanese encephalitis
8.4.1 New vaccine
8.5 Tick-borne encephalitis
8.6 Lyme disease
8.6.1 New vaccines

CHAPTER 9 OTHER INFECTIOUS DISEASES
9.1 Rabies
9.1.1 Vaccination
9.1.2 New vaccines
9.2 Ebola
9.2.1 New vaccines
9.3 Epstein-Barr virus
9.3.1 New vaccines
9.4 Leprosy
9.5 Cytomegalovirus
9.5.1 New vaccines
9.6 E. coli
9.7 Pseusomonas aeruginosa
9.8 Staphylococcus aureus
9.9 Haemorrhagic fever

CHAPTER 10 CANCER VACCINES
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Cancer vaccine approaches
10.2.1 Whole cancer cells
10.2.2 Peptides
10.2.3 Proteins
10.2.4 Dendritic cells
10.2.5 Gangliosides
10.2.6 Heat-shock proteins
10.2.7 Viral and bacterial vectors
10.2.8 Nucleic acids
10.3 General cancer vaccines
10.3.1 Cervical cancer
10.3.2 Breast and ovarian cancer
10.3.3 Melanoma
10.3.4 Prostate cancer
10.3.5 Brain cancer
10.4 Delivery technology

CHAPTER 11 VACCINE MARKETS
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Some basic statistics
11.3 Vaccine-preventable disease
11.3.1 Neonatal tetanus
11.3.2 Measles
11.4 Market estimates
11.5 Market share by region
11.6 Market share by product sector
11.6.1 Influenza
11.6.2 Cholera, typhoid, polio, hepatitis A
11.6.3 Hepatitis B
11.7 Market share by producer
11.8 Pricing
11.9 Industry

CHAPTER 12 COMPANY PROFILES
12.1 American Home Products
12.2 Cantab
12.3 Cel-Sci
12.4 Chiron Viagene
12.5 Glaxo Wellcome plc
12.6 Medeva plc
12.7 MedImmune Inc
12.8 Merck & Co
12.9 Pasteur Mérieux Connaught
12.10 Ribi ImmunoChem
12.11 SmithKline Beecham

REFERENCES

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1 Introduction of first generation vaccines
Table 1.2 EPI recommendations for infant immunisation

Table 4.1 Influenza vaccine manufacturers

Table 6.1 Risk of carrier status for hepatitis B

Table 7.1 Components of the HIV genome and the proteins they encode
Table 7.2 HIV vaccines in development

Table 8.1 Malaria vaccine developments
Table 8.2 Laboratories approved by WHO for the production of yellow fever vaccine
Table 8.3 Vaccines against Lyme disease

Table 9.1 Vaccines in development against CMV
Table 9.2 Vaccines in development against E. coli

Table 10.1 General cancer vaccines in development
Table 10.2 Vaccines in development for cervical cancer and genital warts
Table 10.3 Vaccines in development for cancer of the breast and ovary
Table 10.4 Melanoma vaccines in development
Table 10.5 Prostate cancer vaccines in development

Table 11.1 PAHO vaccine prices, 1998
Table 11.2 Demographics and vaccine coverage, 1996
Table 11.3 Incidence of vaccine-preventable diseases, 1995 by WHO region (number of cases reported)
Table 11.4 Estimated neonatal tetanus cases by WHO region, 1997
Table 11.5 The major influenza vaccines and their suppliers
Table 11.6 Vaccine products for prophylaxis against MMR, diphtheria, Hib, BCG, pneumococci and meningococci
Table 11.7 Vaccine products for prophylaxis against cholera, typhoid, polio, hepatitis A & B
Table 11.8 Vaccine suppliers in Europe
Table 11.9 Vaccine suppliers in North America
Table 11.10 Vaccine suppliers in the Western Pacific region

Table 12.1 AHP's 5-year financial results, 1993-1997
Table 12.2 Cantab's 5-year financial results, 1993-1997
Table 12.3 Cel-Sci's 5-year financial results, 1993-1997
Table 12.4 Chiron Viagene's 5-year financial results, 1993-1997
Table 12.5 Glaxo Wellcome's 5-year financial results, 1993-1997
Table 12.6 Medeva's 5-year financial results, 1993-1997
Table 12.7 Medeva's leading products
Table 12.8 MedImmune's 3-year financial results, 1995-1997
Table 12.9 Merck's 5-year financial results, 1993-1997
Table 12.10 Principal vaccines sole in 1997, in percentage doses
Table 12.11 Ribi ImmunoChem's 5-year financial results, 1993-1997
Table 12.12 SmithKline Beecham's 5-year financial results, 1993-1997

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1 Estimated deaths (thousands) occurring and prevented by immunisation against four major childhood diseases, 1997
Figure 1.2 Activation of B cells

Figure 1.3 Activation of T cells

Figure 3.1 Global polio vaccine coverage (three doses in infants)

Figure 11.1 Coverage of infants with selected vaccines, by WHO region, 1996
Figure 11.2 World measles cases and vaccine coverage, 1983-1996
Figure 11.3 World vaccine market, 1991-1997
Figure 11.4 Division of the global vaccine market by value, 1997
Figure 11.5 Vaccine market breakdown by company, 1997

PUBLISHED: AUGUST 1998
REF: BS971E
PAGES: 155
PRICE: £495/$1,040/¥119,000